Mathematics Lab Activity-21 Class X | Probability

 Mathematics Lab Activity-21 Class X

Mathematics Lab Activities on Probability for class X students with complete observation tables strictly according to the CBSE syllabus.

Chapter - 14 probability

Activity - 21

Objective

To determine experimental probability of a head (or a tail) by tossing a coin 1000 times and compare it with its theoretical probability.

Material Required

A fair coin, pen, sheets of white paper.

Procedure

1. Divide the students of the class in 10 groups I, II, III, ..., X.

2. Each group will toss a coin 100 times and will observe the occurrence of a head.

3. Count the total number of times (frequency) head comes up in each group and denote it by a₁, a₂, a₃ ,...., a₁₀, respectively. Find the sum of probabilities of getting head for all students.

4. Count the total number of times (frequency) Tail comes up in each group and denote it by b₁, b₂, b₃ ,...., b₁₀, respectively. Find the sum of probabilities of getting Tail for all students.

5. Theoretical Probability of getting Head or Tail (E)

 

Similarly we can find the probability of getting Tail.

Observations & calculations 

Group No.	No. of Trials	Total number of times a number comes up
		HEAD	TAIL
I	100	53	47
II	100	52	48
III	100	53	47
IV	100	52	48
V	100	51	49
VI	100	50	50
VII	100	49	51
VIII	100	48	52
IX	100	47	53
X	100	47	53
TOTAL	1000	502	498

Calculations of Experimental Probabilities

Sum of all probabilities of getting Head
= 502/1000 = 1/2 Approximately

Sum of all probabilities of getting Tail
= 498/1000 = 1/2 Approximately

Theoretical Probability

When we toss a coin then probability of getting Head = 1/2

When we toss a coin then probability of getting Tail = 1/2
From these observations we conclude that

Theoretical Probability = Experimental Probability

Result

When we repeat an experiment to a large number of extent then Theoretical probability and experimental probability becomes equal.

Applications

Probability is used extensively in the fields like physical sciences, commerce, biological sciences, medical sciences, weather forecasting, etc.

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